Study newsletter 2015, week 25 Content
Language level
Page
Phrase of the week – In terms of
All levels
1
Mind map – Transportation
All levels
2
Czenglish – Over the border
Pre-intermediate (B1-) – Advanced (C1)
3
Business Writing – Report writing—some useful nouns
Pre-intermediate (B1-) – Advanced (C1)
4–5
Test – Signs that firm is going bankrupt
Pre-intermediate (B1-) – Advanced (C1)
6–7
Phrase of the week In terms of With regard to, concerning a certain aspect
You can use this phrase in ………… language. Spoken Written Formal Informal Example 1 The survey proved that 50% of the Americans didn’t feel, in terms of their own experience, that the economy had begun to recover. Example 2 Some companies prefer to measure their success in terms of satisfied customers rather than yearly profit. 1
Mind map Learning new vocabulary in the most effective way
Vyzkoušejte si interaktivní Mindmapy zde: http://www.jazykovka.info/studujeme-jazyky/mindmap/transportation/ Klikejte na slova, uslyšíte jednotlivá slovíčka namluvená rodilým mluvčím.
Slovíčka Slovo Fuel stations Public transport Infrastructure Railways Roads Pedestrian Air pollution Truck Helicopter Ferry
Význam slova čerpací stanice hromadná doprava infrastruktura železnice silnice/komunikace pěší znečišťování ovzduší nákladní auto vrtulník trajekt 2
Czenglish WRONG: I visited a town just behind the German border. RIGHT: I visited a town just over the German border. Prepositions are a tricky area. Sometimes you can use only one, other times you can use lots of different alternatives. With this ‘border’ example, the one you certainly can’t use is ‘behind’ – unless you are referring to a specific point about international trade (‘behind the border’ trade barriers). In its general usage, we don’t say behind the border. We say ‘over the border’, ‘beyond the border’ or ‘across the border’. If the place you are referring to is very close to the border you can say ‘on the border’. So for example:
A: You live in Prudnik. That’s on the border, right? B: Almost, it’s a few kilometres over the border.
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Business Writing Business Writing Tip #75—Report writing—some useful nouns English is a rich language with many different ways to express the same thing. One of the main reasons we use different words at different times is because it makes our writing more interesting. Here’s a not very interesting example:
•
Even though our sales figures increased, our costs increased too. Our headcount during the period increased, and we had an increase in payroll costs. We also had to pay a rent increase and the cost of electricity increased.
It’s rather dull to read, isn’t it?
•
Even though our sales figures increased, our costs went up too. During the period we employed some additional staff, which led to a rise in our payroll costs. The landlord also hiked up our rent and the electricity company revised their fees upwards.
Now, I’m not saying that this second version is perfect, but it’s definitely more interesting to read. Unfortunately we’re often busy at work and can’t find the time to look up alternative words. When you are looking for a word to use, check the charts and quickly find an alternative. This list of nouns is not exhaustive. There are many more options. But the list is a starting point, and might save you some time.
area
field
authority
source
behaviour
conduct
beliefs
ethics
benefit
advantage
category
type
component
part
concept
idea
controversy
argument
4
drawback
disadvantage
expansion
increase
feeling
emotion
framework
structure
goal
target
hypothesis
theory
interpretation explanation issue
topic
method
system
option
possibility
quotation
citation
results
findings
statistics
figures
study
research
trend
tendency
output
production
DALICE TROST, původem z Austrálie, je absolventkou magisterského studia managementu lidských zdrojů na University of Canberra v Austrálii. Lektorka je držitelkou certifikátu TEFL opravňující k výuce cizích jazyků. V rámci své profesní praxe zastávala vysoké manažerské pozice jako personalistka, senior supervizorka, HR manažerka, a to mimo jiné ve společnostech v Dubaji a Austrálii. Aktivně se věnuje publikační práci v oboru vzdělávání a anglického jazyka. Lektorka je autorkou knihy, ze které čerpáme tyto tipy: Business Writing-A Tip a Day for 30 Days
5
TEST: Signs that firm is going bankrupt When you’re starting ……… (1) at a promising company, which, till then, seems to be great success, you tell yourself you might stay there forever. But one day you might find the company shut down, yourself searching for work, because it stopped ……… (2) a profit, which eventually scared off the investors. That happened even to once mighty companies and only then the employees realized that things had been bad for months before the firm went ……… (3) the drain. Sometimes it’s obvious that a company is going under, but more often employees won’t find out until they’re left without a job, surprised and confused. That is what happened to Juliet Boghossian, ……… (4) job was launching frozen food in company distributing seafood. She was travelling in a private jet, she had big expense accounts and her division was growing exponentially. Then the company began cutting ……… (5) on benefits, started running into problems for it failed to change along with the industry and eventually was sold in 2011. Companies need to change, get better, and innovate to ……… (6) up with the trends. One of the signs that something needs to be changed is when production is falling. When production is down and no ……… (7) is made it eventually gets worse and your company might get into serious trouble. One of the sure-fire ways to tell if a company is in trouble is when it runs into cash flow problems. If there’s not enough money to keep the business going then it will certainly ……… (8). Running out of cash is not so much about revenue, but about what’s really happening to the money that enters and leaves the company. Also when a company is on its way to going ……… (9), people outside the firm tend to talk and rumours fly. Then you need to start thinking hard about what’s going on. Whether or not you should jump ship at the first sign of trouble is ……… (10) you. But whatever you do, it’s better to be aware of what’s happening.
1.
A in
B out
C off
D up
2.
A earning
B performing
C turning
D taking
3.
A down
B off
C by
D out
4.
A which
B whose
C who
D whom
5.
A out
B away
C off
D back
6.
A catch
B come
C keep
D take
7.
A alteration
B shift
C transformation
D adjustment
8.
A wear off
B fold
C bankrupt
D lapse
9.
A bust
B collapse
C crash
D fold
10.
A up to
B onto
C for
D by
6
Správné odpovědi se dozvíte ihned po dokončení on-line testu zde: http://www.jazykovka.info/studujeme-jazyky/minitest/signs-that-firm-is-going-bankrupt/ Správné odpovědi z minulého týdne (Signs that firm is going bankrupt): 1C, 2D, 3B, 4D, 5A, 6C, 7B, 8A, 9C, 10D.
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