Tujuan
Konsep Sistem Operasi (Sesi 2)
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Memahami karakteristik Sistem Operasi. Memahami Evolusi Sistem Operasi dan perubahan pada setiap generasi. Memahami Struktur Komputer dan beragam Platform.
Oleh: Satrio Yudho Jakarta 2008 Satiro Yudho (
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Evolusi Sistem Operasi
Point Of View
“ Perubahan kebutuhan dan teknologi mendorong Evolusi Sistem Operasi “ Fakta : z Evolusi Unix (www.levenez.com/unix) z Evolusi Windows
“ ... Like humans, operating systems have a character. The character of an operating system is the collection of design ideas, software components and usage policies that you find in its implementation.” ( Michael Jipping,2006)
(www.microsoft.com/windows/WinHistoryIntro.mspx) z
Apple Computer (www.kernelthread.com/mac/oshistory)
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Satiro Yudho (
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Moore’s Law
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Moore’s Law Cont’d z
“Technology Drivers of Infrastructure Evolution” the power of microprocessors doubles every 18 months (Tuomi, 2002); computing power doubles every 18 months; the price of computing falls by half every 18 months.
Satiro Yudho (
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Diagram mengenai jumlah transistor pada setiap chip dan satuan kecepatan perjutaan detik (MIPS)
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Moore’s Law Cont’d
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System Structure And Operation
“Semakin banyak transistor semakin cepat kekuatan pemrosesan “
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Struktur kernel “Kernel merupakan inti dari Sistem Operasi” “The core programs and data of an operating system together comprise the kernel” (Michael Jipping, 2006) terdapat beberapa jenis kernel yaitu, monolithic kernel, microkernel dan Hybrid kernel.
Satiro Yudho (
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Satiro Yudho (
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System Structure And Operation z
System Structure And Operation
Monolithic Kernel, digunakan pada general purpose computer dengan menerapkan seluruh fungsi OS dan Abstraksi(objek) hardware dalam kernel itu sendiri.
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System Structure And Operation
Hybrid Kernel, tidak jauh berbeda dengan Microkernel, kecuali pada penambahan fungsi eksternal dengan tujuan peningkatan performa.
Satiro Yudho (
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Microkernel, hanya terdiri dari sekumpulan kecil dari fungsi dari sistem dan model hardware.
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System Structure And Operation z
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Interrupts “An interrupt is like the ringing of a telephone: it is an event that is designed to get the attention of hardware, software or both.”
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System Structure And Operation Interrupts Cont’d.
System Structure And Operation Cont’d.
Processes “Process is program in execution” (Silberschatz, 2006)
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An operating system that allows multiple processes to run in this manner is said to support multitasking. Multithreading, is different from multitasking in that multiple threads of control execute within the memory space of a single process. (Michael Jipping, 2006)
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System Structure And Operation Cont’d. z
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System Structure And Operation Cont’d.
Device I/O
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Device I/O Cont’d.
“A computer system without devices is not very useful.” (Michael Jipping, 2006) Diagram Of Asynchronous
Diagram Of Syncrhonous
Communication
communication
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System Structure And Operation Cont’d. z
System Structure And Operation Cont’d.
Storage Structures
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“The core computing cycle is very dependent on storage.”
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System Structure And Operation Cont’d. z
Hardware Access and Protection “If resources are shared, all applications can appear to execute at the same time and are presented with the illusion that they are the only application running on the computer system..”
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System Structure And Operation Cont’d.
Hardware Access and Protection
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Hardware Access and Protection
Sharing network
Sharing network
serially
concurently
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System Structure And Operation Cont’d. z
System Structure And Operation Cont’d.
Protection modes
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“two separate ways of operating: the operating system needs a privileged mode and other programs need a user mode of operation”
“setiap program yang berjalan harus diproteksi, begitu juga memory, memory merupakan resource yang harus diawasi penggunaanya dengan batasan tertentu”
“Privileged-mode operation allows a program to do tasks only the operating system should do.”
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Satiro Yudho (
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Protecting the CPU
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OS/360 and MVS z
“semakin banyak program yang berjalan pada saat yang hampir bersamaan, maka CPU pasti digunakan bersama sama”
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The IBM OS/360 line of mainframe computers was developed ahead of the operating systems that were to run on them.
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Unix and Linux
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Symbian OS
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Different Platforms
System Structure And Operation Cont’d. z
Protecting memory
The kernel is a monolithic kernel. Symbian OS is unique among operating systems in the sense that it was designed from its inception with smartphones as the target platform.
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Summary
Penutup
Dalam implemetasi, Sistem Operasi menggunakan beberapa komponen seperti Kernel, process, protection, dan device I/O. Interupt, digunakan sebagai trigger untuk menghubungkan komunikasi antara software dan hardware melalui fungsi yang tersedia.
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Thank You For Your Attending All Course material are available at http://yudhos.wordpress.com
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