Table of Contents International Conference on Advances in Nuclear Science and Engineering in Conjunction with LKSTN 2007 (17-21)
Climbing the Energy Ladder
BATAN
BATAN
NPP Program in Indonesia, Challenges and other related aspects
ICANSE 2007 Bandung, 13 – 14 November, 2007
4
1
GDP versus Electricity Consumption per Capita
Content BATAN
3,500 Malaysia
I. Introduction
3,000
Chapter
II. NPP Program in Indonesia
2,500
Chapter
III. BATAN's activities related to the NPP
Chapter
GDP/cap (US$95)
Chapter
IV. Conclusion
2,000 Thailand 1,500
1,000 Indonesia (1997) including autoproducers
Indonesia
Philippines India China Vietnam Pakistan
500
0 0
500
1,000
2
1,500
2,000
2,500
kWh/cap
5
I. Introduction BATAN
Energy situation in Indonesia: ¾
BATAN
Energy consumption/capita is still low
¾Role
of oil as a primary energy is still dominant, Indonesia is now net oil importer country.
¾Primary
energy sources mostly located out-site of Java
Island ¾
Inefficiency on the uses of energy, energy elasticity ~ 1.3
¾
Especially for the electric energy sector: • Electricity ratio ~ 60 % • Electricity demand growth is high • Role of oil for electricity generation is still significant 3
Source: World Bank, 2005 6
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International Conference on Advances in Nuclear Science and Engineering in Conjunction with LKSTN 2007 (17-21)
NATIONAL ENERGY MIXED Year 2025 BATAN
BATAN
Target of the National Energy Policy for 2025: • Energy elasticity < 1 • Optimum Energy mixed:
PLN’s Energy Mix for the Recent Years 120%
Coal
Gas
Geothermal
Hydro
Oil Fuel
100%
Bio fuels > 5 %
21%
22%
11% 3%
12% 3%
28%
24%
27%
8% 4%
8% 6%
26%
18%
15%
80%
COAL >33 % 60%
Geothermal> 5 %
10% 4%
31% 8% 5%
30%
29%
26%
35%
34%
33%
38%
41%
41%
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
40%
N &RE >17 % Gas >30 %
20%
Biomass, Nuclear, Micro Hydro, Solar, and Wind >5 % 0%
Coal Liquefaction > 2 % OIL < 20 %
(Eden Napitupulu, Development of Nuclear Energy for Electricity System in Indonesia, Indonuclear 2007, 2-3 May 2007)
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7
Projection of the Electricity Demand (RUKN 2006 – 2026)
BATAN
Konsumsi Energi & Intensitas Energi
TWh 500
BATAN
Konsumsi Energi per kapita rendah, tetapi intensitas energi tinggi tinggi
400
600 Intensitas Energi
Index (Jepang = 100)
500
Energi Per Kapita
300
400
200
300
100
200
0
100
Year 2006
2016
Java-M adura-Bali Indonesia
Je rm an
Ut ar a
2011
• Intensitas Energi (toe per Juta US$, Harga 1995) ¾ Jepang : 92,3 ¾ Indonesia : 470
2026
11
• Konsumsi Energi per Kapita (toe per kapita) ¾ Jepang : 4,14 ¾ Indonesia : 0,467 1
2021
Outside Java-M adura-Bali
Am
er ik a
ia
Ma la ys ia
In do ne s
Th ai la nd
OE CD
Je pa ng
0
II. NPP Program in Indonesia
Back BATAN
Electricity Demand Growth
NPP required for Indonesia:
BATAN
• Java-Bali power demand projected to grow at average of 6.4 % per year for the next 20 years. • The average growth rate for the first 10 year is 7.0 % per year and tapering to 5.0 % per year by 2025. • Peak Load Demand of Java-Bali Power System almost 50 GW in year 2025.
• 4 x 1,000 MWe (2025), with the first unit should be put in operation at 2017 (for Java-Bali grid) • Small size NPP for outside Java-Bali grid
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International Conference on Advances in Nuclear Science and Engineering in Conjunction with LKSTN 2007 (17-21)
Major Grids of PLN
III . BATAN'S ACTIVITIES RELATED NPP
BATAN
BATAN
Peak Load : 217 MW Gen : 262 MW Subs : 4 Unit, 160 MVA T/L : 180 kmc
Peak Load : 183 MW Gen : 240 MW Subs : 7 Unit, 390 MVA T/L : 292 kmc
Peak Load : 247 MW Gen : 485 MW Subs : 11 Unit, 539 MVA T/L : 818 kmc W
Peak Load : 1051 MW Gen : 1460 MW Subs : 49 Unit, 2358 MVA T/L : 3274 kmc North Sumatra 2 Grid
Sumatera
• Energy planning • Setting-up of the operating organisation, • etc.
E S
Peak Load : 261 MW Gen : 393 MW 6 Subs : 10 Unit, 289 8 East MVA T/L : 431 kmc North Kalimantan West Sulawesi Grid Kalimantan 5 Peak Load : 502 MW Grid Grid Central South Gen : 558 MW Kalimantan Subs : 26 Unit, 792 7 Kalimantan Grid MVA T/L : 1835 kmc South Sulawesi Sulawesi Grid 1 Peak Load : 15396 MW Jawa Bali Grid Gen : 22126 MW Subs : 396 Unit, 45600 MVA T/L : 19386 kmc 4
South Sumatra Grid 3
Peak Load : 1372 MW Gen : 2019 MW Subs : 63 Unit, 2606 MVA T/L : 5637 kmc
Pre-project activities (up to the responsible organisation is defined):
¾
• • • •
Site preparation (site data collection, Preparation of BIS, URD, Fuel supply & radioactive waste management planning etc.
R & D on Reactor Technology
¾
(Eden Napitupulu, Development of Nuclear Energy for Electricity System in Indonesia, Indonuclear 2007, 2-3 May 2007)
Preparing Infrastructure for the first NPP:
¾ N
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Power Plants Kalimantan (Perpres 71/06)
BATAN
A A
A
A
GI.T.Selor GI.T.Selor
GT Pontianak (2x35 MW), 2007
A
STCPP Parit Baru PLN (2x55 MW), 2009
G
GT Tanjung Batu GI.Sanggatta GI.Sanggatta (1x20 MW), 2006
A
GI.Sintang GI.Sintang
U
GI. TJ.Redep
A
GI.Ngabang GI.Ngabang
Baras
GI.Sanggau GI.Sanggau
Pontianak
GI.Kotabaru GI.Kotabaru
G
GI.PurukCahu
G
GI.KualaKurun GI.KualaKurun
GI.M.Tew GI.M.Teweh eh
GI.Tanj GI.Tanj ung ung
Balikpapan
G. Malang STCPP Biomas Batakan
(1x30 MW), 2010
GI.Buntok GI.Buntok
GT Banjarmasin U (1x50 MW), 2008
GI.Ketapang GI.Ketapang
GT Balikpapan (1x50 MW), 2008
Samarinda
GI.Sandai GI.Sandai
U
U
A
Batu Batu
STCPP Asam-asam (2x65 MW), 2008
S.Empat S.Empat
G Mantuil Mantuil
A
U
Licin Licin
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International Conference on Advances in Nuclear Science and Engineering in Conjunction with LKSTN 2007 (17-21)
KESIAPAN INFRASTRUKTUR DASAR UNTUK PLTN BATAN
NO
ISU INFRASTRUKTUR
1. Tim Nasional Persiapan Pembangunan PLTN (P2PLTN)
STATUS
PIHAK TERKAIT
Diusulkan untuk ditetapkan dengan Perpres
Timnas P2PLTN (Dep ESDM, Dep Keu, Deperin, Depdagri, Deplu, Dep PU, Bappenas, Kemeneg LH, Kemeneg Ristek, Kemeneg BUMN, BATAN, BAPETEN)
2. Program Energi Nuklir Nasional Dalam proses penyusunan
Timnas P2PLTN
3. UU Ketenaganukliran dan UU Energi 4. Badan Regulasi Nuklir
Selesai
Pemerintah & DPR-RI
Telah berfungsi “BAPETEN (Badan Pengawas Tenaga Nuklir)”
BAPETEN
5. Institusi Pendidikan dan Latihan Telah tersedia yaitu STTN, Pusdiklat
Depdiknas, BATAN
6. Kajian Ekonomi
BATAN, Kerma BATAN dan Perguruan Tinggi (Dalam & Luar Negeri) Telah dilaksanakan, perlu dimutakhirkan
Timnas P2PLTN
7. Kajian Pendanaan
Telah dilaksanakan, perlu dimuktahirkan
Timnas P2PLTN
8. Informasi dan Edukasi Publik
Dilaksanakan secara berkelanjutan
BATAN, Kemeneg Ristek, DESDM
9. Pemilihan Tapak dan Infrastruktur Telah terpilih 3 lokasi, perlu pemuktahiran data 10. Pengembangan Jaringan Listrik Telah memenuhi persyaratan teknis Keterangan: Telah berfungsi, dilaksanakan, tersedia sesuai persyaratan
16
Timnas P2PLTN PT PLN (Persero)
Akan dilaksanakan dan akan dibentuk sesuai dengan jadwal pembangunan dan pengoperasian PLTN
Dalam proses, perlu pemutakhiran, perlu pengembangan dan peningkatan
KESIAPAN INFRASTRUKTUR DASAR UNTUK PLTN (Lanjutan) BATAN
NO
ISU INFRASTRUKTUR
STATUS
PIHAK TERKAIT
11. Transportasi
Perlu peningkatan fasilitas transportasi
Dep Hub
12. Kajian Lingkungan
Perlu pemutakhiran data
Timnas P2PLTN, Kemeneg LH
13. Penawaran, Evaluasi dan Seleksi
Dilaksanakan sesuai jadwal
Pemilik/Operator PLTN
14. Perizinan
Dalam proses penyusunan
BAPETEN
15. Rencana Kedaruratan Nuklir
Perlu dipersiapkan
Pemilik/Operator PLTN
16. Pusat Litbang Nuklir
Telah berfungsi [Science Technology Base (STB) Nuklir BATAN di Puspiptek Serpong], perlu revitalisasi sampai dengan 2010
BATAN
17. Rekayasa
Perlu pengembangan
Industri Nasional
18. Manajemen Proyek dan Komisioning
Dibentuk sesuai jadwal
Pemilik/Operator PLTN
19. Pasokan Bahan Bakar Nuklir
Dilaksanakan sesuai jadwal
Pemilik/Operator PLTN, BATAN
20. Pengelolaan Limbah
Otorita pengelolaan limbah dan dekomi- Pemilik/Operator PLTN, sioning oleh BATAN dioperasikan BATAN sesuai jadwal yang direncanakan
Pemasok
Keterangan: Telah berfungsi, dilaksanakan, tersedia sesuai persyaratan
Akan dilaksanakan dan akan dibentuk sesuai
Dalam proses, perlu pemutakhiran, perlu pengembangan dan17 peningkatan
dengan jadwal pembangunan dan pengoperasian PLTN
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International Conference on Advances in Nuclear Science and Engineering in Conjunction with LKSTN 2007 (17-21)
Milestone of the NPP Project in Muria Peninsula
BATAN
Nuclear Energy STB established
2000
2005
Year
Energy Planning
2010
2015
2025
2020
Bid Infitation Specification (BIS)
Muria-2
Go Nuclear
Bidding
2023/24 2024/25
2017/18 2018/19
2011/12
NPP
NPP
NPP
NPP
2009
2007/8
Muria-4 Muria-3
Muria-1
Construction
Commissioning permit
Site Evaluation Report (SER)
Operation Permit
Construction Permit
Site Permit
Commissioning Planning Doc (CPD)
Recommendation
Preliminary Safety Analysis Report (PSAR) Dokumen Amdal
RTRW 18
III . BATAN'S ACTIVITIES RELATED NPP
R & D on Reactor Technology
(continued)
BATAN
Operation Planning Document (OPD)
BATAN
¾
¾
Other Application of Nuclear Power Reactor
R & D on Reactor Technology
• Desalination, techno-economical and feasibility of the location
• Goals
• Coal liquefaction/gassification
Enhance local content of the NPP (incl O & M) (as TSO) Preparing of the NPP's project (construction, O&M) Part of the HRD
• (Tertiary) Enhance Oil Recovery (steam flooding) ¾
• Focus of the activities
Reactor Technology Fuel element – fuel cycles & Radioactive Waste Other application of Nuclear Reactor (desalination, coal liquifaction, EOR)
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R & D on Reactor Technology BATAN
¾
Reactor Safety • Safety improvement of the existing research reactors • Safety assessment of the NPP
¾
Small and medium NPP • HTR and its application for co-genaration • Other SM NPP possible to be deployed for out side of Java Grid
¾
Fuel element – fuel cycle and Radwaste management • Fuel element development for HTR • Techno-economical aspects of domestic fuel element fabrication for series of NPP in Indonesia • Rad Waste management for the Indonesian NPP 20
1
Participation to the IAEA's INPRO (for future reactors and its fuel cycles)
CONCLUSION : 1. Utilisation of NPP is a part of solution on energy problem in Indonesia through diversification or primary energy source. The NPP will be used as a base load for Java-Bali Grid starting on next 2017 2. In order to prepare the first NPP Project, BATAN is responsible as TSO (technical supporting office) and preparing infrastructure of the NPP, as well as site preparation activities untill the operating organisation of the NPP is settled. 3. BATAN as a R&D institution has a responsible to conduct development of Reactor Technology in Indonesia. 4. R & D on Reactor Technology will cover short term goal to support construction, O&M of the first series of NPP as well as long term goal on utilisation of the future NPP possibly will be addopted in Indonesia 21
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