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Materi Kuliah
Arsitektur dan Organisasi Komputer Selamat Datang Agus Haryawan
Teknologi komputer Arsitektur Komputer Bahasa assembly Processor design Data path dan kontrol Pipeline Memori dan hirarki emori Perangkat I/O
Pendahuluan
Pendahuluan
Mengapa belajar kuliah ini Ingin menjadi ahli komputer Ingin membuat perangkat lunak yang dipakai orang lain Ingin membeli komputer atau memberikan saran pembelian komputer
Software dan hardware mempengaruhi kinerja komputer
Kuliah ttg bagaimana komputer bekerja? Apa itu komputer: Berbagai jenis: desktop, server, embedded Berbagai pemakaian: automobil, grafis, keuangan, kantor Berbagai pabrik: Intel, Apple, IBM, Microsoft, Sun Berbagai teknologi pembuatan dan harganya
Komputer Mesin hitung elektronik yang menerima informasi digital dan mengolah informasi tsb menurut seperangkat instruksi dan menghasilkan keluaran informasi. Perangkat serbaguna yg dpt diprogram utk menjalankan seperangkat operasi aritmetik dan logik secara otomatis
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Jenis komputer berdasarkan ukuran/kemampuan
Mobile/Portable Computer Laptop
Mobile/Portable Computer Microcomputer Workstation Minicomputer Mainframe Super computer Lainnya
Mobile/Portable Computer
Mobile/Portable Computer
Laptop
Laptop
Mobile/Portable Computer
Mobile/Portable Computer
Laptop
Laptop
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Mobile/Portable Computer
Mobile/Portable Computer
Laptop
Tablet
Mobile/Portable Computer
Mobile/Portable Computer
Tablet
Tablet
Mobile/Portable Computer
Mobile/Portable Computer
Tablet
Tablet
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Mobile/Portable Computer
Mobile/Portable Computer
Tablet
Information appliance
Mobile/Portable Computer
Mobile/Portable Computer
Information appliance
Information appliance
Mobile/Portable Computer
Mobile/Portable Computer
Information appliance
Information appliance
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Mobile/Portable Computer
Mobile/Portable Computer
Information appliance
Information appliance
Mobile/Portable Computer
Mobile/Portable Computer
Calculator
Calculator
Mobile/Portable Computer
Mobile/Portable Computer
Calculator
Wearable computer
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Mobile/Portable Computer
Microcomputer
Wearable computer
Personal computer
Microcomputer
Microcomputer
Workstation
Minicomputer
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Supercomputer
Komponen Komputer
Komponen Komputer Hardware:
Software:
• • • • • • • • • •
• Sistem operasi • Aplikasi
Casing Power supply Motherboard Main memory Hard disk Visual display Video card Keyboard Mouse Komponen lain
COMPNY LOGO
Arsitektur Komputer
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Microcomputer CPU Embedded CPU Arsitektur Komputer
Workstation CPU
Organisasi Komputer
Mini/Mainframe CPU Mixed-core CPU
Organization of a Computer
What is a computer?
• Five classic components of a computer – input, output, memory, datapath, and control
• Components: – input (mouse, keyboard, camera, microphone...) – output (display, printer, speakers....) – memory (caches, DRAM, SRAM, hard disk drives, Flash....) – network (both input and output) • Our primary focus: the processor (datapath and control) – implemented using billions of transistors – Impossible to understand by looking at each transistor – We need...abstraction!
datapath
+ control = processor
An abstraction omits unneeded detail, helps us cope with complexity.
CS224 Fall 2011 Chapter 1
How do computers work?
CS224 Fall 2011 Chapter 1
Computer Architecture
• Each of the following abstracts everything below it: – – – – – – – – – – –
Applications software Systems software Assembly Language Machine Language Architectural Approaches: Caches, Virtual Memory, Pipelining Sequential logic, finite state machines Combinational logic, arithmetic circuits Boolean logic, 1s and 0s Transistors used to build logic gates (e.g. CMOS) Semiconductors/Silicon used to build transistors Properties of atoms, electrons, and quantum dynamics
• Notice how abstraction hides the detail of lower levels, yet gives a useful view for a given purpose CS224 Fall 2011 Chapter 1
Application Operating System Compiler Firmware Instruction Set Architecture Instr. Set Proc. I/O system Computer Logic Design Architecture mplementation Circuit Design Layout CS224 Fall 2011 Chapter 1
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